解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::This following statement updates all previous recommendations on use of immune globulins for protection against viral hepatitis and use of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin for prophylaxis of hepatitis B. Recommendations cover hepatitis A; hepatitis B; non-A, non-B hepatitis; and delta hepatitis. Spe...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vasodilator drugs were initially administered to patients with primary pulmonary hypertension based on the unproven hypothesis that pulmonary vasoconstriction played an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. There were early reports of hemodynamic and clinical improvement after treatment with various vasod...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-103-2-258
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of sleep apnea was studied in 46 middle- and older-aged men with "essential hypertension." Thirty-four age- and weight-similar normotensive men were also studied. Fourteen hypertensive men and three controls had sleep apnea syndrome, as defined as greater than ten apneas per hour of sleep. Hypertensive ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-103-2-190
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated bone disease in eight white men between the ages of 49 and 61 years who had been abusing alcohol for at least 10 years. The mean density of vertebral cancellous bone was 58% of normal, whereas the mean density of appendicular cortical bone was 90% of normal. Marked reduction in active bone resorption and ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-103-1-42
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The exocrine pancreas secretes into the gut on demand more than 20 proteins that are indispensable for digestion. In-vivo autodigestion is prevented by an array of natural safeguards. In acute pancreatitis, inappropriate intrapancreatic activation and release of pancreatic hydrolases occur, but the pathogenetic mechan...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-103-1-86
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differences in blood levels of thyroid hormones have been reported when patients taking synthetic L-thyroxine were shifted from one manufactured form of the hormone to another. Because recent formulation changes have rendered these earlier data obsolete, we did a crossover study to determine differences in bioavailabi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-102-6-770
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten patients with lupus nephritis and marked proteinuria (3.9 g or more/d) that did not respond adequately to treatment with prednisone alone or prednisone in combination with azathioprine were treated with total lymphoid irradiation in an uncontrolled feasibility study. Within 6 weeks after the start of total lymphoi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-102-4-450
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To reduce health care costs, some third-party payers have enlisted primary care physicians as gatekeepers to medical care. In gatekeeper systems, primary care physicians must approve all care provided to their patients. This approval is a condition of payment for the service, with the usual exception of true emergenci...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-102-4-537
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate during graded blood pressure reduction induced with sodium nitroprusside infusion in 16 hypertensive patients with atherosclerotic renovascular disease. Eight patients with unilateral disease tolerated pressure reduction from 205 +/- 9 (SE)/103 +/- 2 mm Hg to...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-102-3-308
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::As more people with mild hypertension are treated, non-drug therapies should be used more frequently and effectively. These therapies include weight reduction; sodium restriction; potassium, calcium, and magnesium supplementation; other dietary changes; exercise; relaxation; and moderation of alcohol use. Such therapi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-102-3-359
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cataract disrupts the crystalline lens, a transparent, elastic, avascular, biconvex structure composed of a capsule, lens epithelium, and lens fiber cells. Many factors contribute to the progression of lens opacity, but aging is most frequently associated with cataract. As aging-related cataract develops, many biochem...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-102-1-82
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid growth in the use and complexity of Holter monitoring technologies has resulted in the diverse recorders and analysis devices that are compared in this review. Holter recording modes include continuous recording, which makes all electrocardiographic (ECG) data available for analysis; patient-activated recording,...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-102-1-73
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During a 6-month period in 1983, Escherichia coli O157:H7 was isolated from 19 (15%) of 125 patients with grossly bloody diarrhea and 1 sibling with non-bloody diarrhea in the Calgary area. There was no clustering of the cases geographically or in time. All but 1 had clinical manifestations typical of hemorrhagic coli...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-6-738
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gentamicin and tobramycin were compared for cost effectiveness in the treatment of adult patients with serious infections in a general medical service. We used data from a randomized double-blind trial in which the only observed difference between the clinical effects of these aminoglycosides was the incidence of neph...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-6-764
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although many manifestations of giant cell arteries are increasingly recognized, little attention has been paid to respiratory symptoms associated with this disorder. We report the cases of 16 patients with giant cell arteritis who had prominent symptoms related to the respiratory tract including cough, sore throat, a...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-5-594
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determining the patient's major reasons for seeking care is of critical importance in a successful medical encounter. To study the physician's role in soliciting and developing the patient's concerns at the outset of a clinical encounter, 74 office visits were recorded. In only 17 (23%) of the visits was the patient p...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-5-692
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfasalazine is metabolized by intestinal bacteria, resulting in the release of sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylate. The drug is useful in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis as well as in preventing relapses of the disease in remission. Although effective in active Crohn's disease as well, sulfasalazine appea...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-3-377
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::HemoQuant, an assay based on heme-derived porphyrin, quantifies both total fecal hemoglobin ant that fraction already converted to porphyrin by gut flora (the intestinal converted fraction). Recovery by HemoQuant of blood added to stools exceeded 99% and was not affected by ascorbic acid, iron, or other additives. Hem...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-3-297
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In studies of the cause of gastrointestinal symptoms in homosexual men, Campylobacter jejuni was recovered from 10 of 158 men with, and 2 of 75 men without, intestinal symptoms. In addition, a heterogeneous group of Campylobacter-like organisms was identified in 26 symptomatic and 6 asymptomatic homosexual men, but in...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-2-187
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advances have recently been made in understanding the pharmacokinetics of theophylline. To correlate the new knowledge of theophylline pharmacokinetics with the drug's current status in therapy, we have critically reviewed the relevant investigations of the last 5 years. We consider data on its presumed mechanisms of ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-1-63
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The indications for treating patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (normal serum thyroxine and free thyroxine levels, but elevated serum thyrotrophin levels) are poorly defined. In this study, 33 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to receive placebo or L-thyroxi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-1-18
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The coexistence of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and myasthenia gravis has been infrequently reported. We report another case and show the coexistence of autoantibodies to the platelet glycoprotein IIb and IIIa complex and the acetylcholine receptor. Autoantibody levels were followed during 8 weeks of tr...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-6-829
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seventy homosexual men with unexplained persistent diffuse lymphadenopathy enrolled in a prospective natural history study from November 1981 to November 1982. These men had demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings similar to those of homosexual patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Pathologic ex...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-6-801
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 42-year-old woman developed goitrous hypothyroidism while receiving ethionamide for treatment of an atypical mycobacterial infection. Five weeks after discontinuation of ethionamide therapy, thyroid function had returned to normal. The goitrogenic effect was studied in vitro by incubating ethionamide in various conc...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-6-837
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighty-six patients who required heparin therapy were randomly assigned to receive bovine or porcine heparin. Abnormal concentrations of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase developed during treatment in 59.3% and 26.7% of patients, respectively. Patient characteristics that significantly influenced the dev...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-5-646
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To characterize the role of cardiac function in septic shock, serial radionuclide cineangiographic and hemodynamic evaluations were done on 20 patients with documented septic shock. Although all patients had a normal or elevated cardiac index, 10 patients had moderate to severe depression of their ejection fraction wi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-4-483
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anxiety commonly accompanies serious illness. However, in some patients anxiety is the primary manifestation of illness. Diagnostic criteria for these "primary" anxiety disorders have been redefined in the most recent revision of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. We discuss thes...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-4-558
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the National Cooperative Gallstone Study, therapy with chenodiol, 750 or 375 mg/d, for 2 years resulted in confirmed, complete gallstone dissolution in 14% and 5% of patients, respectively, and partial dissolution (greater than 50%) in 27% and 18%. The present study was done to determine the frequency with whic...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-3-382
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We prospectively studied the evaluation of dementia in 107 unselected outpatients; 83 had so-called "irreversible" dementias, including 74 who had an Alzheimer-type dementia. Fifteen patients had potentially reversible dementias, of which hypothyroidism and drug toxicity were the commonest causes. Distinguishing featu...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-3-417
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the renewed interest in esophageal motility disorders, diffuse esophageal spasm is being diagnosed more frequently. In many clinical settings, however, the term is used as a synonym for noncardiac chest pain. Our review of the literature and broad clinical experience in studying the motility patterns of healthy s...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-2-242
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, antibodies to human T-cell leukemia virus membrane antigens (HTLV-MA) and elevated levels of beta 2-microglobulin and thymosin alpha 1 have been found with high frequency in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Prospective studies of asymptomatic persons at high risk for this syndrome will a...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-2-178
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The experience of serving as an expert witness can add considerably to a physician's knowledge of medicine and the forces that affect the profession. Each case compels the physician to examine carefully all the clinical data. The physician must assess the quality of care given and render an opinion that is consistent ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-1-139
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We treated 50 patients who ingested packets of cocaine and developed a protocol for conservative medical management. Of the 50 patients, only 3 required emergency surgery. Surgery was precipitated by signs and symptoms of bowel obstruction in all cases. Six patients chose elective surgery. The rest of the patients pas...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-1-73
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two patients presenting with nephrotic syndrome but without evidence of collagen vascular disease had organized glomerular immune deposits with a "fingerprint" pattern. This finding has been previously associated with lupus nephritis and, in our institution, has been seen in 6% of the biopsy specimens from patients wi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-1-66
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bulimarexia, an eating disorder that is characterized by binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting or abuse of cathartic or diuretic drugs, has been defined as both a sequela of anorexia nervosa and a distinct eating disorder. In this review the presentation, prevalence, and complications of the various eating di...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-99-6-800
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endomyocardial biopsy was done 119 times in 98 patients receiving doxorubicin therapy once every 3 weeks and 41 times in 27 patients receiving doxorubicin therapy weekly. Factors contributing to the degree of anthracycline-induced endomyocardial injury were evaluated. Neither age, sex, type of malignancy, concomitant ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-99-6-745
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty-three consecutive patients with inferior myocardial infarction were evaluated prospectively, by physical examination and right heart catheterization within 36 hours of the onset of symptoms, to determine whether physical findings can separate such patients into those with and without associated right ventricular...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-99-5-608
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Very low calorie diets used to treat moderate and severe obesity produce average weight losses of 20 kg in 12 weeks. This paper reviews the development of very low calorie diets from research on fasting in the late 1950s and examines data on the amount of dietary protein needed to achieve positive nitrogen balance. Th...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-99-5-675
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of corticosteroid treatment in the prophylaxis of the fat embolism syndrome was evaluated in a prospective, randomized, double-blind study of high-risk patients with long-bone fractures. Using a set of objective diagnostic criteria, we saw a significant difference in the incidence of the syndrome between ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-99-4-438
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteremia caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria are usually due to Mycobacterium fortuitum or M. chelonei. Other rapidly growing mycobacteria generally are considered to be nonpathogenic. We report the case of a patient with bacteremia due to an unidentified, rapidly growing, scotochromogenic mycobacteria that was d...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-99-4-475
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00